Demodex Under A Microscope (photo), What The Eggs Of The Parasite Look Like

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Demodex Under A Microscope (photo), What The Eggs Of The Parasite Look Like
Demodex Under A Microscope (photo), What The Eggs Of The Parasite Look Like

Video: Demodex Under A Microscope (photo), What The Eggs Of The Parasite Look Like

Video: Demodex Under A Microscope (photo), What The Eggs Of The Parasite Look Like
Video: FFA- Viewing Parasites Under a Microscope 2024, March
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  • The cause of demodicosis is acne-iron mite

    • A bit of history
    • Spread
  • General characteristics of parasites
  • Clinical manifestations

    • Rosacea
    • Dermatitis
    • Steroid dermatitis and rosacea
    • Androgenic alopecia
    • Madaroz
  • Treatment

    • Ointments and creams
    • Folk remedies
  • Prevention
  • Which doctor should I go to for treatment?
  • You can defeat parasites!

Demodecosis (Demodecosis from Lat.) Is a common chronic dermatosis mainly of the skin of the face, caused by the parasitism of the acne tick. From 2 to 5% of the population suffer from demodicosis. The disease ranks seventh in the frequency of lesions among other skin diseases. Demodecosis in humans complicates the course of rosacea (in 88.7% of cases), perioral (perioral) dermatitis (in 58.8%) and in 33% of acne. Among acneform dermatoses, the disease accounts for 10.5%.

Demodectic mange occurs mainly in young women aged 20-40 years, the incidence of which is 4 times higher than in men. The disease is rare among children due to low sebum production. The incidence of people over 45 years old is due to hormonal changes in the body and somatic pathology.

What to do in such a situation? To get started, we recommend reading this article. This article details the methods of dealing with parasites. We also recommend contacting a specialist. Read the article >>>

The genus Demodex includes more than 100 species of ticks, 10 of which are pathogenic for humans, cats, dogs, horses, sheep, pigs, goats and cattle. Mites that parasitize animals do not parasitize humans. Ticks that parasitize dogs (D. canis) are deadly. They often lead to the death of puppies and weakened animals.

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Figure: 1. The photo shows demodex mites under a microscope.

The cause of demodicosis is acne-iron mite

The demodex mite (D. follicullorum) belongs to the genus Demodex, family Demodicidae, suborder Trombidiformes, order Acariformes.

A bit of history

  • The parasite was first discovered in 1841 by two independent researchers Henle (identified the parasite on human skin) and F. Berger (identified the parasite in earwax).
  • In 1842 C. Simon identified mites in hair follicles and first described the parasite. Between 1917 and 1923, acarologist Hirst identified 21 species and several subspecies of demodex mites in animals.
  • In 1963, L. Kh. Akbulatova described a new species of glandular ticks Demodex folliculorum brevis.

Spread

Demodex mites are the most common parasites that live on the surface of the human and animal body. They live in the mouths of hair follicles and excretory ducts of the sebaceous and meibomian glands. Of the 100 known species of demodex mites, 2 species live on human skin: Demodex folliculorum longus (long) and Demodex folliculorum brevis (short). The dissemination of the skin occurs in childhood by contact. The maximum incidence occurs in the female sex at the age of 20-40 years. At an older age, parasitism of ticks is recorded in 80 - 100% of the population.

Eel mites live in places with high humidity, outside the host parasites do not live long, are widespread, are recorded in all races and in all geographic zones.

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General characteristics of parasites

Acne mites live in the mouths of hair follicles and excretory ducts of the sebaceous and meibomian glands of the skin of the face (T-shaped zone), in the auricles, less often on the back and chest. There is an atypical localization of parasites.

In the dark, ticks crawl to the surface for mating. On the surface of the skin, ticks move at a speed of 8 - 16 mm / hour.

At the head end (gnatosome) is the mouth opening, equipped with sharp chelicerae, which promote the absorption of food (epidermal cells and sebum). Digestion of food occurs under the influence of lytic enzymes.

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Figure: 2. Photo of demodex mites under an electron microscope.

Clinical manifestations

Suddenly noticed increased skin roughness? Demodectic mange should not be ruled out.

There may be other symptoms as well:

  • itchy or peeling skin;
  • redness;
  • increased skin sensitivity;
  • burning sensation of the face;
  • the skin felt as rough as sandpaper.

Depending on the localization of the lesion, the following types of disease are distinguished:

  1. Eye shape. Demodectic mange of the eyelids is accompanied by itching, cutting, blepharitis.

    Eyes get tired quickly, eyelids swell, eyelashes fall out.

    There may be inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eyes - conjunctivitis.

  2. Damage to hairy areas.

    There is irritation, itching, peeling of the skin.

    The hairline becomes sparse, and then the shafts fall out completely.

  3. The defeat of the porioral and ear regions.

    The skin becomes rough, itches.

Then there may be signs of dermatitis: redness, irritation, tissue swelling.

According to skin manifestations, two variants of demodicosis are distinguished:

  1. Erythematous.

    It is characterized by the appearance of red spots on the face a week before the expanded picture of the disease.

    It resembles a mosquito bite, which itches and itches a little.

    Then the spots increase in size, the skin becomes oily.

  2. Papular-pustular. Against the background of redness and skin irritation, pustules appear.

    Gradually, they grow, the surface of the dermis becomes uneven, bumpy, painful and itchy.

    The peculiarity of demodicosis is that the pustules are located side by side in the form of a chain.

    Itching is most pronounced at night during the breeding season of the parasite.

Demodecosis can be combined with other pathologies, exacerbating their course.

Let's consider the main ones that are most common.

Rosacea

Numerous studies have reported increased levels of parasites in rosacea patients. Human demodectic mange can manifest as a dry type of rosacea and is called rosace-like demodectic mange.

Let's consider the main differences

Rosacea due to demodex Common rosacea
Characterized by dryness, peeling follicles, superficial vesicles and pustules Characterized by oily skin, lack of scales and deeper skin lesions
Complete recovery after treatment Doesn't go to the end

Demodectic rosacea completely resolves after the therapy prescribed by the doctor.

If you do not wash your face or oversaturate the skin with oil creams, then demodicosis on the face increases. This is due to the fact that mites feed on lipids and begin to multiply actively. In addition, sebaceous ducts become clogged and rashes appear.

Dermatitis

With dermatitis, itching appears on the face, there may be redness, rash, papules, pustules, acne, comedones. In some people, dermatitis can be in the form of dryness, scaling, roughness of the face without papules and pustules.

Steroid dermatitis and rosacea

Appears when using corticosteroid drugs. Because of their use, local immunity decreases, and D. folliculorum begins to actively multiply.

Androgenic alopecia

A mite can contribute to baldness. In the affected area, inflammatory processes around the sebaceous glands are activated, followed by the development of fibrous tissue and a change in hormonal levels. The sebaceous glands increase in size, producing large amounts of lipids. The hair follicles are depleted and the hair stops growing.

Madaroz

This is what they call eyelash loss. The mite enters the follicles on the eyelids, causing inflammation and swelling in them. The eyelashes become thin and brittle and then fall out.

Treatment

Before making a diagnosis, dermatologists order microscopic examinations. The eyelash or hair is carefully pulled out from the eyebrows and examined under a microscope. If a demodex mite is found, the doctor prescribes special treatment.

Demodex remedies:

  • Sulfuric ointment;
  • Xin Fumanlinq cream;
  • ointment "Demalon";
  • metronidazole tablets, they must be taken in combination with ointments for demodicosis;
  • some dermatologists prescribe benzyl benzoate cream, which is used to treat scabies mites. When applying the ointment to your face, you need to be careful not to get into your eyes. It should also be borne in mind that benzyl benzoate bakes the skin very strongly for 15-30 minutes.
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The most common remedy for treating Demodex mites on the face is sulfur-containing ointments. The tick does not survive when exposed to sulfur preparations. However, there is a drawback to this treatment - an unpleasant persistent odor. You should adhere to strict hygiene rules, wipe the affected areas with sulfur-containing preparations in time. Then, after 6-7 days, the demodectic disease, caused by a parasitic animal organism, passes.

After the disappearance of the symptoms of the disease, it is necessary to continue treatment with sulfur preparations in order to prevent relapse. It is recommended to carry out cosmetic procedures after treatment. Make nourishing masks, regularly moisturize the skin with a spray or cream. Along with an ointment containing sulfur, it is necessary to use metronidazole antimicrobial tablets, which enhance the effect of treatment.

Ointments and creams

  • Ointment with metronidazole (clion, metragil);
  • Clindamycin or erythromycin ointment;
  • Spregal (esdepalletrin-pyrethroid) as a spray;
  • Demalan ointment;
  • Sulfuric ointment;
  • Benzyl benzoate;
  • Preparations with azelaic acid;
  • Sodium thiosulfate;
  • Sulfur tar alcohol;
  • Yellow mercury ointment;
  • Ichthyol;
  • Lindane;
  • Amitrazole;
  • Crotamiton.

Folk remedies

Kerosene belongs to folk methods. It is applied to the affected area and is not washed off for 2-3 days. Kerosene creates a moisture-proof film under which the mite suffocates. Badagu is also often used, which relieves inflammation, resolves seals.

Calendula is used to reduce inflammation. Alcohol solution promotes wound healing and skin recovery after demodicosis. You can prepare a decoction of tansy flowers and instill 2-3 drops 3-4 times a day in each eye. The improvement will be noticeable 5-6 days after starting treatment.

Prevention

You should adhere to strict hygiene rules, change towels every day, iron pillowcases, disinfect razors, glasses, wash personal items in contact with your face (scarves, scarves) thoroughly. This is especially important during treatment to prevent infection of other family members.

Never use other people's cosmetics and personal hygiene devices. Do not dry yourself with someone else's towel or handkerchief. Keep your room clean, wash your bedding often and boil down pillowcases.

If you have already had an illness, be careful about your health. The slightest malfunction can provoke the resumption of demodicosis.

It is better to start treatment at an early stage, then there will be no complications and you can achieve good results in the fight against the parasite. To increase the protective functions of the body, you need a balanced diet, exercise, walking in the fresh air.

Taking vitamin complexes in the autumn and winter, eating fresh fruits and vegetables will help boost immunity and improve skin condition and enhance its protective functions.

Which doctor should I go to for treatment?

If, after reading the article, you assume that you have symptoms characteristic of this disease, then you should seek the advice of a dermatologist.

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