Teniarinhoz: Treatment In Humans, Drugs, Symptoms

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Teniarinhoz: Treatment In Humans, Drugs, Symptoms
Teniarinhoz: Treatment In Humans, Drugs, Symptoms

Video: Teniarinhoz: Treatment In Humans, Drugs, Symptoms

Video: Teniarinhoz: Treatment In Humans, Drugs, Symptoms
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  • General information
  • Causes of teniarinchiasis
  • Treatment of teniarinchiasis
  • Alternative treatment
  • Complications
  • Diagnostics
  • Prevention
  • You can defeat parasites!

Teniarinhoz is a parasitic disease from the group of biohelminthiasis, manifested by symptoms of damage to the digestive tract and toxic-allergic reactions. With teniarinchiasis, nausea, abdominal pain, unstable stools, a sharp increase in appetite and weight loss, independent crawling of the parasite's segments through the anus, asthenovegetative and neurotic syndromes, urticaria are observed.

The diagnosis of teniarhynchiasis is based on anamnesis, coproovoscopy, perianal-rectal scraping, and X-ray of the small intestine. Treatment of teniarhynchiasis consists in taking anthelmintic drugs (niclosamide, praziquantel).

What to do in such a situation? To get started, we recommend reading this article. This article details the methods of dealing with parasites. We also recommend contacting a specialist. Read the article >>>

General information

Teniarinhoz is a chronic protozoan disease caused by tapeworm - bovine tapeworm, accompanied by intoxication and dyspeptic disorders. Teniarinhoz is common on all continents, but an increased incidence rate is typical for areas with developed cattle breeding - Central and South Africa, South America, Australia, the Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast and Central Asia, as well as Mongolia and China.

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Cases of teniarinchiasis in our country are registered in the republics of Sakha, Buryatia, Tuva, Dagestan; Tyumen, Irkutsk and Novosibirsk regions; Perm, Krasnoyarsk and Altai Territories. Teniarinhoz has a focal prevalence, usually in rural areas. Most often, helminthiasis infects the population who eats fresh or insufficiently thermally processed beef meat.

Causes of teniarinchiasis

Teniarhynchiasis develops when a person is infected with a bovine tapeworm - Taeniarhynchus saginatus, which is a tapeworm up to 4-6 m long, sometimes up to 10-12 m. The body (strobila) of the helminth has a head (scolex) with four well-developed suckers and 1-2 thousand segments (proglottid). Each segment contains up to 150 thousand rounded eggs containing an already formed larva (oncosphere), which does not require maturation in the external environment.

The cycle of development of a bovine tapeworm includes a change of two hosts: an intermediate one - cattle and the main one - a person. Adult individuals of bovine tapeworm for a long time (up to 20 years) parasitize in the human small intestine, which serves as a source of environmental contamination with eggs with oncospheres. The greatest danger is posed by workers caring for animals (milkmaids, calves, livestock specialists, shepherds).

The terminal segments of the helminth break off and actively crawl out through the anus or passively excrete outward with feces. This leads to massive seeding of pastures, places of livestock and forage. Helminth eggs are sensitive to the action of bleach and carbolic acid solutions (they die after a few hours), but under external conditions they persist up to 1 month.

With contaminated feed, tapeworm eggs enter the digestive tract of cows, penetrate into muscle tissue, where they turn into invasive larvae - Finns or cysticercus containing mature tapeworm protoscolex. Finn's vitality in muscles lasts for 1-3 years. Infection of a person with teniarinchiasis occurs alimentary by eating insufficiently thermally processed or salted finnose beef.

Under the influence of gastric juice and bile, protoscolex leaves the Finns, is fixed with suction cups to the intestinal wall, giving rise to the growth of the parasite. For 2.5-3 months of strobilation, an adult helminth develops. Usually, with teniarinchiasis, a single bovine tapeworm parasitizes in the human intestine.

Take the Bovine Tapeworm Test

Symptoms Answer Muscle weakness Yes Not Eructation Yes Not Stomach ache Yes Not Headaches Yes Not Vomiting Yes Not Weight loss Yes Not Epileptic seizures Yes Not Pain in the legs, arms and back Yes Not Diarrhea Yes Not Decreased appetite, intestinal discomfort after eating Yes Not

Treatment of teniarinchiasis

Often, the symptoms of the disease are completely absent, and the disease can only be detected when proglottids or the helminth itself are found in the feces. In any case, in order to confirm teniarinhoses, the diagnosis should be based on various techniques:

  1. At the very beginning of the diagnosis, it is necessary to collect an anamnesis - to interview the patient about the possible use of poorly roasted or raw meat of cattle.
  2. Cases of spontaneous exit with feces of helminth larvae will help to confirm the diagnosis.
  3. Ovoscopy is performed. For this, under a microscope, the feces and scraping from the patient's perianal folds are examined. At this stage, it is necessary to differentiate teniarinhoses and teniasis.
  4. In the KLA, leukopenia, iron deficiency anemia and eosinophilia are observed.
  5. X-rays with contrast can detect parasites in the human intestine.

The disease responds well to treatment. However, if it starts late, dangerous complications may develop. As a rule, in complex therapy, it is important to adhere to a slag-free diet, namely:

  • you should not eat sweet, fatty and fried foods;
  • lean dishes should prevail in the diet: vegetarian soups, herbal and fruit decoctions, cereals;
  • you need to give up coffee and tea;
  • it is strictly forbidden to eat cabbage, garlic, sorrel, beets, radishes, peaches, grapes and alcohol;
  • fractional meals are shown (at least five times a day).

This diet should be followed for about 4-5 days. After that, you can start deworming with medication. Usually doctors prescribe Fenasal. The medicine must be taken on an empty stomach. The dosage for adults is 3 g, for children - 1.5 g. Before taking the drug, you need to drink a solution of sodium bicarbonate at the rate that ½ tsp for a quarter glass of water. sodium.

Usually, immediately after taking the pills, the parasite dies and comes out naturally with feces. Instead of Fenasal, you can take another medicine, for example, Male Fern Extract or Biltricid. The choice of the drug is up to your healthcare professional.

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In addition to drug treatment, the patient must strictly observe hygiene. Every day you need to change your underwear and bed, be sure to wash your hands after bowel movements and before any meal.

It is possible to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment only after three months. Since, in any case, the risk of reinvasion or incomplete disposal of parasites remains, the patient, after the therapy, should periodically undergo preventive examinations over the next two years. Usually one examination is carried out per year.

Alternative treatment

In addition to conservative remedies, alternative medicine recipes are actively used in the fight against teniarinhoses. They enhance and consolidate the therapeutic effect of medicines, but cannot be used as an independent therapy, since such a disease requires the use of anthelmintics.

Pumpkin seeds. A gentle but effective remedy for the human body, including pregnant and lactating women, as well as children.



For deworming, a saline laxative, such as magnesium sulfate, must be taken within two days before bed. After waking up, a cleansing enema is given. Then, for an hour, he must eat gruel from pumpkin seeds crushed with a coffee grinder or meat grinder. For an adult, the norm is 300 grams, for a child under 12 years old, it is enough to offer 100-150. The product is washed down with water and do not eat anything else for 3 hours. Then the patient again takes a saline laxative or a cleansing enema is given to him. After its completion, you can eat food as usual.

Medicinal herbs. A popular and effective method of phytotherapy with a successful anthelmintic effect.

To combat tapeworm, it is recommended to make infusions based on tansy, chamomile and wormwood. They drink half a glass in the morning on an empty stomach. The cake remaining after the preparation of the product is chewed. Herbal treatment has one drawback - it can be delayed for a long time, since the parasites are very viable before their impact.

To expel parasites, you need to take one strong salted herring, peel it on fillets and chop it into pieces. The resulting product is combined with several crushed garlic cloves, raw chicken egg yolk and 2 tablespoons of millet brewed with boiling water. A glass of milk completes the recipe, after which the remedy is thoroughly mixed.

Removing tapeworm by this method excludes the use of meat and products based on it - they should be abandoned no later than 48 hours before deworming. Additionally, on the day of taking the herring medicine, you need to cleanse the intestinal tract with an enema made from a glass of warm milk and the same amount of tansy decoction. The resulting solution is kept in the body for at least 20 minutes. After cleansing the intestines, they begin to eat the prepared mixture during the day. It is advisable to use inside half a glass of herring remedy every 2 hours. The course of therapy is carried out for 7 days.

Complications

Teniarinhoz can cause the following consequences:

  • intestinal obstruction due to mechanical blockage of its lumen;
  • perforation of the walls of the digestive tract caused by the specifics of the parasite's vital activity;
  • peritonitis associated with a chronic inflammatory process inside the organs due to their constant trauma and the addition of a secondary infection;
  • pancreatitis, appendicitis, cholangitis and other problems depending on the disruption of the gastrointestinal tract;
  • atypical localization of the tapeworm requiring surgical treatment (for example, helminths can migrate into the nasal cavity).

Diagnostics

Most patients do not know they are infected until they find proglottids crawling out of the anus or on the surface of the stool. Teniarinchiasis is diagnosed by detecting eggs or proglottids from the feces of an infected person. T. saginata and T. Solium are almost identical in morphology. However, identification at the species level can be made by the number of lateral uterine rami in the proglottid and the differing scolexes.

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Also, with teniarinchiasis, blood tests will show an increase in eosinophils and immunoglobulin E. The Ziehl-Nielsen method can be used to distinguish teniarinchiasis from teniosis during examination of the tissues of pathogens or their parts.

In most cases, with a bovine chain there will be a stain, but with a pig it will not. Also, tapeworms are sometimes found during colonoscopy, although this usually happens by accident, and is not a method for diagnosing teniidosis.

Treatment of teniarhynchiasis is possible only after an accurate diagnosis has been made. A parasitologist, as with other cestodoses, prescribes praziquantel or niclosamide, which are taken orally. They are also available in a pediatric dosage form. Albendazole is used as an alternative.

Usually, a single dose is sufficient for the complete treatment of teniarhynchiasis, but in some cases, repeated treatment may be required.

Prevention

Since the source of the parasitic infection is the person himself, it is on him, first of all, that the prevention of the spread of the invasion among the population depends. What is included in the concept - the prevention of teniarinchosis?

  • Persons who, due to their professional or household activities, regularly come into contact with cattle must annually take antiparasitic medications and undergo specific examinations on an outpatient basis.
  • Since bovine tapeworm proglottids have increased viability, you need to pay attention to the conditions for cooking meat.

A person's susceptibility to teniarinhoses is increased. The fact is that all favorable conditions for a comfortable existence have been created in his body for this parasite. Infection can occur with an elementary careless attitude to hygiene or the processes of heat treatment of meat, but it is quite difficult to cure a parasitic infection. Therefore, when identifying the first symptoms of teniarhynchosis, it is recommended to undergo appropriate diagnostics and receive qualified medical assistance.

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