Treatment Of Ureaplasma In Women Drugs Scheme Of Use

2023 Author: Riley Dean | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-11-27 09:15

Treatment regimen with medications for female ureaplasmosis

Content

• 1 Features of pathogenic flora
• 2 Diagnosis of the disease

• 3 Methods of therapy by various means

  • 3.1 Antibiotics

  • 3.2 Vaginal suppositories

    • 3.2.1 Vaginal suppositories Geksikon
    • 3.2.2 Tergynan vaginal pills
    • 3.2.3 Capsules Polygynax
    • 3.2.4 Candles Viferon and Genferon
    • 3.2.5 Polyoxidonium
  • 3.3 Preparations for the restoration of mucosal microflora
  • 3.4 Immunomodulators
• 4 Features of therapy during pregnancy
• 5 Conclusion

Ureaplasma is classified as conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. The bacterium can live in a woman's body and not cause her trouble. Despite this, ureaplasma is included in the list of sexually transmitted diseases. An infection during an exacerbation can greatly harm a woman, provoking infertility and inflammation of the genitourinary system. Treatment of ureaplasma in women drugs, the scheme and the complex are selected individually. Let's take a closer look at what drugs are included in the standard treatment regimen for infection.

Features of pathogenic flora

Features of pathogenic flora

Ureaplasma is a parasitic microorganism that settles inside the cell. The habitat of the microbe is the mucous membrane of the genitourinary system, therefore, first of all, the parasite causes the pathology of these organs. For a long period after infection with ureaplasma, a woman does not experience any symptoms, the parasite does not harm its mistress. Long-term parasitism ends with the penetration of the microbe deep into the genitourinary system, and the pathology of reproductive function.

In addition to infertility, the intracellular organism affects the body's immune system. Cells cease to resist various pathogenic microorganisms.

Infection is carried out through sexual contact. Ureaplasma attaches to the sperm wall and enters the mucous membrane of the female genital tract, where it penetrates the cell.

It is imperative to be treated for infection, otherwise after a while pathologies develop in the woman's body:

• Inflammatory process of the cervix, which can lead to the formation of erosion;
• Spontaneous miscarriages in the first trimester of pregnancy;
• Inflammation of the vaginal mucosa, accompanied by itching, discharge and burning.

Treatment for ureaplasma is selected by a specialist after diagnosing the disease, taking into account the individual characteristics of a woman's health.

Diagnosis of the disease

The presence of a parasite in the microflora is diagnosed in the following ways:

• Scraping from the vagina, urethra or cervix. The choice of a place for collecting material depends on the location of the foci of inflammatory processes in the mucous membrane and the objectives of the study. With urethritis, the biomaterial is taken from the urethra, with vaginitis or dysbiosis, the sampling is carried out from the walls of the vagina. Material is taken from the cervical canal if it is suspected that inflammation is located in other parts of the genitourinary system.
• PCR. This is the main type of analysis for ureaplasma. The study allows you to detect even a small number of parasites in a woman's body. For research, smears are taken from the urethra or vagina. In men, sperm and the first portion of urine are taken for examination. If ureaplasma is detected, confirmatory tests are performed. The analysis is carried out in 1–2 days.
• ELISA - microbiological blood test for the presence of residues of the vital activity of various types of parasites. Serum is analyzed in the laboratory. The study does not always give an accurate result, since the patient may have reduced immunity or have not yet developed antibodies to ureaplasma. The analysis will take 3-4 working days.
• Ultrasound of the pelvic organs.

The ELISA study is carried out only in combination with PCR, or other rapid test systems. Ureaplasmosis is diagnosed only by the result of a comprehensive examination of the patient.

Therapies by various means

Therapies by various means

Unlike other diseases, with ureaplasma, therapy is aimed not only at destroying the microorganism, but also at the accompanying symptoms. Ureaplasma is a conditionally pathogenic microorganism, therefore, therapy has two main objectives:

• Restoration of the immune system;
• Fight inflammation of the genitourinary system.

Conventionally, the treatment regimen is divided into two stages. The first stage is aimed at combating infection and secondary symptoms of the disease. The second stage is recovery. During it, the immune system is affected, the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract and the mucous membrane of the genitourinary system is restored. After therapy, drugs are additionally prescribed to restore liver function and vitamins.

A comprehensive treatment is selected, which will have a general strengthening effect and restore the microflora of the mucous membrane.

Treatment of both sexual partners is important, since the man is also a carrier of the infection. It is especially important to be treated before conceiving a child, since ureaplasma is dangerous for a pregnant woman and a pregnant fetus.

Standard complex treatment consists of the following groups of drugs:

• Antibiotic drugs;
• Antiseptic in the form of vaginal suppositories;
• Pre- and probiotics for microflora restoration;
• Immunostimulating drugs.

The doctor selects drugs individually for each patient. When choosing, anamnesis, the presence of an allergic reaction and concomitant chronic diseases in the patient are taken into account.

Self-medication is fraught with the development of antibiotic resistance in ureaplasma and it will be more difficult to fight the infection.

Antibiotics

Before choosing an antibiotic, it is necessary to determine what type of microorganism the patient is infected with. There are two types of ureaplasma microorganism:

• Parvum (parvum);
• Urealyticum (urealiticum).

Both types provoke the development of ureaplasma, but the Parvum form is more difficult to treat. Urealiticum is more susceptible to antibiotics and sparing drugs are included in the scheme. In all other respects, the treatment regimen for the two types of microorganism is similar.

One of the following antibiotic groups is included in the therapeutic regimen:

• Tetracyclines: Vibramycin, Minocycline.

  

  Vibramycin

  

  Minocycline

• Macrolides: Wilprafen, Eracin, Klabax, Macropen.

  

  Wilprafen

  

  Eracin

  

  Klabaks

  

  Macropen

• Lincosamines: Clindamycin, Dalacin.

  

  Clindamycin

  

  Dalatsin

• Fluoroquinolones: Levolet, Tebris, Avelox, Ciprofloxacin, Moxifloxacin.

  

  Levolet

  

  Avelox

  

  Ciprofloxacin

  

  Moxifloxacin

The most common antibiotics in treatment are included in the macrolide group. They cause a minimum of side effects and are easily tolerated by people of any age. 80% of patients have good sensitivity to macrolides, which is higher than to other groups of antibiotics.

If ureaplasmosis occurs together with another infectious disease, then in combination, two or three types of antibiotics can be prescribed. The drugs are taken for at least 10 days. The dosage is prescribed in the instructions for use or determined by a specialist.

Incomplete antibiotic treatment leads to the development of resistance in the microorganism to this antibiotic group. In the future, the patient will need to drink drugs that are more aggressive for the stomach and kidneys.

Antibiotics are used if the titre values exceed 10x3 and the patient has severe symptoms of the inflammatory process. In other cases, antibiotics are not initially included in the treatment regimen.

Vaginal suppositories

Against the background of ureaplasmosis, the patient's immunity decreases, and secondary pathologies develop: thrush, mycoplasmosis, chlamydia. The vaginal mucosa becomes inflamed, microcracks form on the walls. To fight infections, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory drugs in the form of vaginal suppositories are included in the scheme.

The most common vaginal suppositories have the following therapeutic effects:

• Antimicrobials: Macmiror, Betadine, Hexicon;

  

  McMiror

  

  Betadine

  

  Hexicon

• Immunomodulatory: Viferon, Genferon;

  

  Viferon

  

  Genferon

• Healing, anti-inflammatory and antifungal: Terzhinan, Polygynax.

  

  Terzhinan

  

  Polygynax

Suppositories are also indicated for pregnant women when antibiotics are contraindicated.

Let us consider in more detail the scheme for using the most common drugs in the form of vaginal suppositories.

Vaginal suppositories Geksikon

Vaginal suppositories Geksikon

In pharmacies, two types of the drug are offered: Geksikon and Gkeksikon D. The difference in the dosage of the main active ingredient. Suppositories are used in the treatment of ureaplasmosis and as a prophylactic agent. The drug is suitable for pregnant women, as it has a minimum of contraindications.

Hexicon acts on microorganisms, stopping their development and reproduction. It has anti-inflammatory properties and reduces the risk for the baby to face infection during labor.

Hexicon will not be able to destroy the parasite, since part of the infection will remain in the woman's blood. Repeated antibiotic treatment is recommended after delivery.

Reception scheme: One candle per day, administered before bedtime. The course is 10-14 days. If the inflammatory process is in an acute form, then the introduction of a candle is prescribed twice a day.

When using suppositories, the patient may experience side symptoms: itching and burning in the vagina. Unpleasant symptoms disappear after discontinuation of the drug.

Terginan vaginal pills

Terginan vaginal pills

Terzhinan tablets have a complex effect: antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-fungal. The main active ingredient in tablets is neomycin. The drug quickly kills the microorganism, and the infection recedes after just one course.

The drug Terzhinan is a new generation, therefore, it acts on the microflora of the vagina with special accuracy. Prevents the appearance of Candida fungi, which provoke the development of thrush.

A pill is injected into the vagina once a day, it is better to do this before bedtime. The standard course is 10 days, but if the ureaplasma has managed to penetrate deeply into the genitourinary system, then it is recommended to take 15 days.

Terzhinan is prohibited for use by girls under 16 years old and pregnant women during the first three months of gestation. In the second and third trimesters, vaginal pill therapy is not contraindicated.

During application, itching and burning of the vaginal mucosa are observed, which disappear after the end of the course of administration.

Polygynax capsules

Polygynax capsules

The complex preparation Polygynax is an effective antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antifungal agent. The drug relieves itching and burning, has a healing effect. The mucous membrane is quickly restored, and the patient is no longer bothered by the main symptoms of ureaplasmosis.

The effect of Polygynax on the fetus has not been fully studied, therefore, in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, candles are prescribed, but only under the supervision of a doctor. The first three months, the use of the drug is contraindicated.

The course of admission is 12 days, one candle at night. If, for some reason, the course is interrupted, then the treatment starts over.

During admission, side effects are observed:

• Burning sensation in the vaginal area;
• Erythema;
• Itching of the genitals.

Symptoms are not a reason for discontinuation of the drug and disappears after the end of the course of treatment.

Candles Viferon and Genferon

Candles Viferon and Genferon

Immunomodulators are needed to quickly restore the body and make it fight against infection. Effective immunostimulants are Viferon vaginal suppositories and Genferon analogue.

The drugs act on the cell, restoring its protective functions. Candles have no side effects and gently affect the woman's body.

Viferon is allowed to be used from the third week of pregnancy. The duration of the course is on average 10 days, but the scheme is selected individually for each patient.

Polyoxidonium

Polyoxidonium

When diagnosing an advanced stage of the disease, the patient is prescribed Polyoxidonium. The drug is available in three forms: tableted, ampoules for injection and in the form of vaginal suppositories. Typically, with ureaplasmosis, the medication is prescribed in the form of suppositories.

The drug is made on the basis of lactose, therefore it is contraindicated in patients with individual intolerance to this component and in pregnant women. It is forbidden to use during breastfeeding and with kidney pathology.

The standard dosage regimen: one candle at night for three days, then a break for two days. On the sixth day, one candle is again introduced. Then rest is done for two days. The candle is introduced again. The course is extended at the discretion of the specialist.

Polyoxidonium has no side effects.

In combination with suppositories, ointments with antimicrobial and healing effects are prescribed: tetracycline and erythmauin. Ointments are applied to the genitals every day for 12-15 days.

Preparations for the restoration of mucosal microflora

Since the therapy of infection is not complete without taking antibiotics, it is necessary to restore not only the mucous membrane of the genitourinary system, but also the stomach.

To restore the gastrointestinal mucosa, drugs are recommended:

• Containing lactobacilli: Linex, Lactobacterin, Hilak-Forte;

  

  Linex

  

  Lactobacterin

  

  Hilak-Forte

• Bifidum-containing bacteria: Bifidumbacterin in powders, Bifikol, Bifiform.

  

  Bifidumbacterin

  

  Bificol

  

  Bifiform

In their composition, all preparations contain live beneficial bacteria, which are necessary to restore the flora of the gastrointestinal tract. Means are taken 1-2 times a day before meals. The effect of lactobacilli is enhanced if the medicine is taken with milk.

Healthy cultures are also found in natural products: yoghurt, bifidok, tan, ayran.

After the main antimicrobial therapy, drugs are prescribed to restore the flora of the vagina: Lactozhinal, Lactonorm, Lactagel. The preparations contain live lactobacilli, therefore, the medicine is stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of +4 degrees.

The course of taking medications to restore the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract and the mucous membrane of the genitourinary system is 3-4 weeks. In difficult cases, a six-month admission scheme is prescribed.

Immunomodulators

To restore immunity after the main therapy, the patient is prescribed one of the following drugs:

• Interferon in any form;
• Cycloferon;
• Immunal;
• Genferon;

• Immunomax.

  

  Interferon

  

  Cycloferon

  

  Immunal

  

  Genferon

  

  Immunomax

Immunostimulants on a natural basis are effective: Tincture of Echinacea Purpurea, Tincture of Ginseng on alcohol with honey.

Natural preparations are taken once a day. The number of drops depends on the patient's age: for children under 12 years old - 5 drops, for adults - 10-15 drops. The dosage depends on the concentration of the tincture and is indicated on the package.

Drugs to stimulate the immune system are taken according to the scheme. Each drug has its own dosage regimen and is indicated in the instructions for use.

A course based on antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs has a detrimental effect on the kidneys and liver of the patient.

To restore the liver after treatment of ureaplasmosis, it is recommended to take drugs: Heptral and Galavit. What is suitable in each specific case is decided by a specialist.

Features of therapy during pregnancy

Features of therapy during pregnancy

If ureaplasmosis proceeded without visible symptoms, then the woman did not get tested and did not worry about treatment before conceiving a child. When diagnosing a disease during pregnancy, immediate therapy is required. During childbirth, the infection is transmitted to the child, and in the early stages of pregnancy, the microorganism is a provocateur of miscarriages and developmental fading.

Therapy for pregnant women requires special attention, since most of the drugs are contraindicated and can harm the baby. The treatment regimen is selected carefully and in stages.

If the disease is at an early stage, then the doctor tries to do without antibiotics. Vaginal antibacterial and antifungal suppositories are used as the main drug. It is important to remove the ureaplasma from the vaginal mucosa to protect the baby. In the woman's blood, the microorganism will remain, therefore, after childbirth, they begin the main treatment.

If you cannot do without antibiotics, then the safest group of them is chosen - macrolides. Therapy starts at 20 or 22 weeks of pregnancy and lasts 3 weeks. In difficult cases, treatment begins at the 16th week of pregnancy, but this scheme is dangerous for the baby.

The therapy regimen for pregnant women includes taking medications:

• Antibiotic: Eracin, Klabaks, Macropen;

  

  Eracin

  

  Klabaks

  

  Macropen

• Food enzymes: Festal, Pancreatin, Mezim forte;

  

  Festal

  

  Pancreatin

  

  Mezim forte

• Antifungal drug: Pimafucin in the form of vaginal suppositories;
• Immunostimulants on a natural basis: Echinacea tincture;

• Immunomodulating suppositories: Viferon;

  

  Pimafucin

  

  Echinacea tincture

  

  Viferon

• Mineral containing preparation: T-activin;
• Preparation for the protection and restoration of gastrointestinal microflora: Normase;

• Anti-inflammatory and antifungal suppositories: Terzhinan, Nystatin.

  

  Normase

  

  Terzhinan

  

  Nystatin

Once a day, the vagina is sanitized with any mild antiseptic solution. Washing will help free the mucous membrane from harmful microorganisms.

In combination with the treatment, multivitamins are prescribed: Elevit Pronatal, Complivit Mama or any for pregnant women.

The main task of therapy during pregnancy is to free the birth canal from infection. You can destroy ureaplasma after childbirth.

Output

For the period of treatment, partners must follow the rules:

• Abstinence from sexual activity during the period of antibiotic treatment (during the recovery phase, sexual activity can be resumed, but only with the use of a condom);
• Fatty, sweet, sour and spicy foods are excluded from the diet so as not to irritate the gastrointestinal mucosa;
• Throughout the entire therapy, the use of alcoholic beverages is unacceptable;
• Adhere to hygiene standards.

Ureaplasma treatment is a complex and multi-stage process. Do not self-medicate. The scheme and types of drugs are prescribed by a specialist after a series of examinations and a complete history of the study.

Subject to the rules and correctly selected therapy, you can cope with the infection without health consequences.