Analysis Of Feces For Worm Eggs - How To Collect Correctly?

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Analysis Of Feces For Worm Eggs - How To Collect Correctly?
Analysis Of Feces For Worm Eggs - How To Collect Correctly?

Video: Analysis Of Feces For Worm Eggs - How To Collect Correctly?

Video: Analysis Of Feces For Worm Eggs - How To Collect Correctly?
Video: Detection of parasites' eggs in Feces made easy 2024, March
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What is the correct way to collect feces for analysis for egg-leaf?

Content

  • 1 Why is analysis needed?
  • 2 What symptoms might indicate a worm infection?
  • 3 How to prepare for the analysis?

    • 3.1 What are the rules for collecting feces for analysis?
    • 3.2 In what container to collect feces?
    • 3.3 Do I need to wash?
    • 3.4 How to properly collect feces for analysis?
    • 3.5 How can a bowel movement be induced?
    • 3.6 How long can the collected material be stored?
    • 3.7 How to collect feces for analysis from a child?
  • 4 How is the material being tested in the laboratory?
  • 5 What can be the interpretation of the analysis result?
  • 6 What to do if helminthiasis is detected?
  • 7 How often should you get tested?

The analysis of feces for worm eggs is most often prescribed to identify carriers of helminths in order to prevent the spread of parasitic infestation in groups of people in contact.

It is obligatory to pass this analysis for catering workers and other professions requiring a sanitary book, it is also necessary when children enter preschool and general education institutions, when applying for a job, hospitalization, undergoing sanatorium treatment, visiting the pool.

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In addition, a study of feces for an ovarian leaf can be prescribed as one of the diagnostic measures for suspected intestinal helminthiasis. The reliability of the results of laboratory research will largely depend on how correctly the biological material was collected. This article covers all issues related to the delivery of feces tests for worm eggs in children and adults.

Why analysis is needed?

It is impossible to approach the delivery of a feces analysis for worm eggs formally. The person to whom he is assigned must understand that the identification of helminthic invasion is important, first of all, for himself. After all, parasites cause serious harm to health, some of their species are able to penetrate the liver, brain, heart and other organs.

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Laboratory tests of feces do not always reveal helminthic invasion, because a small sample of biological material submitted for analysis may not contain helminth eggs. Parasites do not lay eggs all the time, so they are unevenly distributed in the feces.

In addition, the results may be affected by ignoring the rules of preparation for analysis, improper collection and storage of material.

Therefore, it is necessary to strictly follow all the rules for preparing for the delivery of the analysis, collecting and storing the sample, and be aware of the need for re-delivery if the analysis shows the absence of parasites.

What symptoms might indicate a worm infection?

A symptom that unambiguously indicates the presence of worms is itching and movement in the anus, especially felt in the evening and at night. This is typical for enterobiasis - pinworm infestation. Invasion by other types of helminths does not have such a clear and characteristic clinical picture; symptoms may be mild, or also characteristic of many other diseases.

Suspected helminthiasis can cause the following symptoms:

  • Decreased appetite up to its complete absence;
  • Flatulence and intestinal disorders;

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  • The presence of blood and mucus in the feces;
  • Weight loss;
  • Frequent headaches, sleep disturbances;
  • A constant feeling of loss of strength;
  • Pallor of the skin;
  • Weakening of immunity, expressed in exposure to frequent colds;
  • Grinding of teeth in sleep;
  • Skin problems.

If at least a few of these symptoms appear, it is necessary to undergo an examination, including the identification of parasitic invasion.

How do I prepare for the analysis?

In order to increase the reliability of the result of the analysis of feces for the ovulent, it is necessary to follow certain rules before submitting it.

It makes no sense to examine feces for eggs of worms in the following cases:

  1. When taking antiparasitic drugs and immediately after their course;
  2. After X-ray examination using barium preparations;
  3. After oil enemas.

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In all these cases, the probability of detecting helminth eggs approaches zero, and the results of the analysis may not be indicative.

Also, the intake of some potent medications can reduce the effectiveness of research. If they are not vital, then they must be discontinued 3 days before collecting feces for analysis.

If the patient is undergoing a course of treatment that cannot be interrupted, for example, a course of taking antibiotics, then it is better to postpone the analysis of feces for worm eggs until it ends, since in the changed environment in the intestine, the reproduction of worms slows down, and their eggs may not be detected.

It affects the results of research and the composition of the food that a person ate on the eve of collecting biological material. When eating foods that contribute to increased gas production and weakening of the intestines, food masses quickly pass through the intestinal tract, and the likelihood of parasite eggs in the feces is reduced. Therefore, 1-2 days before collecting feces for analysis for worm eggs, it is recommended to exclude foods that cause intestinal weakening from the diet.

The set of these products is individual for each person, but, in general, they include:

  • Fresh and sauerkraut;
  • Fresh beets;

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  • Apricots, plums;
  • Prunes;
  • Grapes;
  • Persimmon;
  • Kefir;
  • Cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkin;
  • Legumes;
  • Watermelon melon.

It is also not recommended to use foods that stain feces in uncharacteristic colors - the already mentioned beets, blueberries, cherries, black currants

Adhering to these simple rules, you can significantly increase the likelihood of detecting helminthic invasion and promptly begin its treatment.

What are the rules for collecting feces for analysis?

If all the rules for preparing for the study of feces for the presence of parasite eggs, mentioned above, have been followed, then you can take a sample of the material for analysis. Usually this moment raises many questions: how much feces do you need for analysis for an egg leaf, what are the rules for collecting it, is it possible to store the collected material, etc. Let's consider in detail the answers to these questions.

In what container to collect feces?

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Laboratories do not accept feces in matchsticks and other cardboard boxes for analysis; to collect material, you can take a small glass container with a tight lid or buy a special plastic container for collecting feces from the pharmacy. This container is convenient in that it is equipped with a sample collection spatula and a tight-fitting odor-tight lid.

There is no need to sterilize glass containers, and even more so - a pharmacy container. It is enough to clean the jar and lid with baking soda and rinse thoroughly with clean hot water, and the container for collecting feces does not need to be washed.

If the collection is carried out in a home container, then it is most convenient to do it with a disposable spoon. You can also use a cotton swab, several matches. It is impossible to use chips and twigs brought from the street for this purpose, since they may contain eggs of parasites, which will distort the results of the analysis.

Do I need to wash?

If, when collecting urine for analyzes, it is necessary to wash away in order to exclude the ingress of secretions and microflora that lives on the genitals into the biological material, then it is not recommended to wash away when collecting feces for analysis for eggs.

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Some types of helminths (pinworms) lay eggs around the anus, and eggs of the worms from a previous bowel movement could also remain in the anus.

During the passage of feces, they may end up in the first portion of biological material, which increases the likelihood of detecting helminthic invasion.

How to properly collect feces for analysis?

Defecate in a clean, dry pot or vessel. It is not allowed to "catch" material from the toilet bowl water. It is also necessary to ensure that urine does not get on the feces; you need to empty the bladder elsewhere.

The material is taken from several places of feces: from the initial section, from the middle and end, from the surface and depth. A stool sample for analysis should be approximately equal to the size of a walnut.

Immediately after the collection, the container must be tightly closed so that the material does not get aired and dry.

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How can you induce a bowel movement?

Physiological processes are not always amenable to consciousness control; it is almost impossible to force the intestines to release waste products on demand. The easiest way to collect feces for analysis for worm eggs is for those people who are used to emptying their intestines in the morning after waking up, since laboratories, as a rule, take biological materials for analysis in the morning.

To stimulate the intestines to emptying, it is not recommended to use enemas, anal suppositories, since this reduces the likelihood of obtaining a reliable test result for the egg leaf, which is not too high anyway.

You can get a morning bowel movement naturally by following these guidelines:

  1. After waking up, drink a glass of cool water;
  2. Eat breakfast in 15-20 minutes;
  3. If within 20 minutes after breakfast you do not feel like using the toilet, do a light self-massage of the abdomen and exercises to increase intestinal motility.

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Self-massage of the abdomen is performed while lying on your back. Having relaxed the abdomen, stroke around the navel in a spiral, the direction of movement is clockwise. It is more convenient to do this by clenching your fingers into a fist.

After the massage, do the following exercises to stimulate the bowel movement:

  • Standing on all fours, pull in and relax your stomach;
  • Lying on your back, pull your knees to your chin, and then return to the starting position.

If all of the above measures did not work, then this means that the material for analysis will have to be collected in advance

But before moving on to the next paragraph of this article, and finding out how much feces can be stored on the eggs of the worm, remember the method recommended above for improving intestinal motility. By applying it daily, you will quickly accustom your body to regular morning bowel movements, which will undoubtedly be very beneficial for your health.

How long can the collected material be stored?

It is necessary to store a sample of material for analysis for worm eggs in a tightly closed container tied in a plastic bag in a refrigerator at a temperature of + 6-10 ° C. With this storage, the feces will not dry out, the eggs of the worms, if present in the sample, will not change and will be available for identification. Storage time should not exceed 8-12 hours.

How to collect feces for analysis from a child?

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The rules for collecting feces for analysis for oviduct in children, as well as preparing for it, are exactly the same as for adults. The exception is children who are breastfed and babies wearing diapers.

Since the baby's stool depends on the mother's nutrition, she should, 1-2 days before collecting feces for analysis, exclude from her diet foods that cause the baby's intestines to weaken.

For taking feces for analysis, it is impossible to cause defecation in children using an enema, anal suppositories, a thermometer lubricated with petroleum jelly. All this leads to a decrease in the reliability of the analysis. You can stimulate bowel movements by lightly massaging the child's abdomen clockwise, exercises with the knees tucked to the chin, and laying on the stomach.

How is material research carried out in the laboratory?

To determine the presence of eggs of worms in the feces, as well as their type, the following laboratory methods are used:

  1. Defending. In this method, the material is mixed with water, settled and the liquid fraction is drained. This is done several times. Eggs and fragments of helminths have a higher specific gravity, so they always remain in the sediment. After repeated washing of the material, the sediment is examined under a microscope for the presence of parasites.

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  2. Extermination. This method is used to identify fragments of helminths. A semi-liquid mass is made from the sample provided for analysis, placed in a Petri dish and, removing light particles with tweezers, examine them under a magnifying glass or microscope. Thus, it is possible to identify fragments of helminths and determine their type.
  3. Native smear. In this method, only one drop of an emulsion obtained by diluting feces with water is examined under a microscope. This allows you to detect the eggs of worms and protozoa parasites. But with a small amount of them in the submitted material, they may simply not get into the investigated drop, as a result of which a negative analysis result may turn out to be false.
  4. Thick brushstroke. This method is more informative, because allows you to explore more material than other methods. A pea-sized sample is placed on a glass slide and pressed against a transparent polymer plate dipped in an anti-reflective liquid. After an hour, the sample acquires the required degree of transparency and is examined under a microscope. This method is considered the most progressive; its reliability is about 85%.

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It does not take much time to perform a feces analysis for oviplogist by any of these methods, the result can be ready within a day of delivery. Delays are usually associated with congested laboratories.

What can be the interpretation of the analysis result?

The study of feces for helminth eggs can only show the presence or absence of parasites that multiply in the gastrointestinal tract: round and tapeworms, flukes. To detect other helminthiases, for example, echinococcosis, an enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) is used.

If the eggs and fragments of worms are not found in the material submitted, then the result of the analysis in the decoding will be negative. However, a negative result does not guarantee the absence of parasitic invasion.

Attention! Even if all the rules of preparation for the analysis, its collection and delivery are observed, signs of the presence of helminthic invasion may not appear in the examined stool fragment. Therefore, to confirm negative results, it is necessary to pass 2 more fecal analyzes for worm eggs at intervals of 2-4 days.

If, after passing the analysis of feces for an ovarian leaf, the decoding contains a positive result in relation to any type of helminths (or several), then their presence is beyond doubt, and the patient is prescribed treatment.

In addition to helminthic invasion, using the analysis of feces, infection with the simplest microorganisms can be diagnosed: lamblia, dysentery amoebas, cyclosporidia.

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What to do if helminthiasis is detected?

If the analysis of feces for the ovulent showed the presence of any parasite in the body, then in no case should you refuse treatment. In addition to the fact that helminthiasis can become an obstacle to achieving the goal - going to work or school, placing a child in a preschool institution, obtaining a health book, etc., it can cause serious damage to health.

Human parasites feed on his vital juices, take away energy. In addition, because of them, immunity decreases, which can lead to the development of even more serious diseases.

Self-medication is also unacceptable. Antiparasitic agents are highly toxic. Even if the type of parasite is known, the dosage of the drug effective against it should be established only by the doctor, taking into account all the physical data and the condition of the patient. Treatment should be under the supervision of a specialist, otherwise serious complications caused by the toxic effect of anthelmintics may occur.

Also, one should not forget that the eggs of worms are easily transmitted through household items, with personal contact. Therefore, when a parasitic invasion is detected in a person, examination and, if necessary, treatment of the rest of his family members, including pets, is required.

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How often should you get tested?

Usually, the analysis of feces for egg-leaf is taken once upon admission to preschool and general education institutions, to work, to a hospital, a sanatorium, when issuing a certificate for visiting the pool, as well as when undergoing medical examination.

As for persons working in public catering, at food industry enterprises and in other industries where it is necessary to have a sanitary book, they need to submit an analysis of feces for helminths with each update of the sanitary book. Depending on the type of activity, the frequency of renewal of the sanitary passport can be from six months to a year, according to this frequency, the validity of the analysis of feces for worm eggs is determined.

If the study of feces for eggs of worms is prescribed as part of diagnostics for suspected helminthiasis, then with a positive result, the first analysis is sufficient. Re-examinations are carried out after treatment.

If the result of the first analysis is negative, then it is required to pass another 2 repeated analyzes of feces for worm eggs, at intervals of 2-4 days to confirm a negative result or establish its erroneousness.

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