Table of contents:
- How can you get infected with nematodes?
- Nematode species
- Life cycle of nematodes
- Signs of human nematodes
- How to get rid of nematodes and their prevention?
Video: Nematodes In Humans: Symptoms Of Soil Nematodes
2024 Author: Riley Dean | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 02:21
- 1 How can you get infected with nematodes?
- 2 Types of nematodes
- 3 Life cycle of nematodes
- 4 Signs of the presence of nematodes in humans
- 5 How to get rid of nematodes and their prevention?
One of the most common types of roundworms is called nematodes. According to official data, these parasites have about 24 thousand species, and some scientists are inclined to believe that the number of worms is about a million. In this article we will explain what nematodes are and how nematodes appear in humans.
How can you get infected with nematodes?
What are these nematodes and how do they affect the body? The process of infection with helminths occurs with complete disregard for the rules of personal hygiene. According to statistics, nematode worms appear most often in children of preschool or school age. Infection of the body with these parasites occurs under the following factors:
- penetration through the skin;
- in the process of contact with insects (mosquitoes are the main carriers of larvae);
- eating unwashed fruits or vegetables;
It should be understood that nematode worms are able to live and develop in various conditions, they are found in any corner of the planet Earth, for example, in salt water or soil. Typically, an infected person may experience itching in the anus or involuntarily scratch the skin at night. The eggs of these worms end up under the nails, as a result of which they end up in bed, carpet and other everyday objects, which increases the risk of infection of other people.
Nematode species
Roundworm helminths are divided into seven main orders, which in turn are divided into 70 families, more than 100 genera and more than 1000 species. Most of these parasites affect animal and human organisms, causing various pathologies.
The main types of nematodes combine the following parameters:
- the same stage of the development process - the sexually mature form occurs as a result of development from the first to the third larval stage;
- most types of worms - the main difference between females and males lies in the shape and size of the body;
- a trunk with a rounded cross-section, where the respiratory, nervous, digestive and reproductive systems are included.
Scientists classify worms depending on their way of life, for example, parasitic nematodes - depend on the host, i.e. directly depend on the location and existence of an adult. Individuals include entomopathogenic parasites living in the body of an insect, nematode worms found in the body of humans, animals, fish and phytonematodes that infect certain parts of plants. Scientists have studied the vital activity of roundworms and found that nematodes in humans can be of the following type:
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- enterobiasis - infection occurs through the environment or the carrier;
- ascariasis - infection occurs when eating unwashed vegetables and fruits;
- toxocariasis - infection occurs when the eggs of the toxocar worm enter the body;
- trichocephalosis - infection occurs when whipworm eggs enter the body;
- strongyloidosis - infection occurs after the eggs of the Strongyloides parasite enter the body;
It is worth noting that all living parasitic organisms of the roundworm are able to stay inside the body for a long time and not manifest themselves in any way.
Life cycle of nematodes
The start of the life cycle of roundworms originates in the embryonic development of the embryo, which is under the strong shell of the egg. The laid eggs have the ability to immediately infect the host (host) or need further development, which takes place in the external environment.
It should be noted that the duration of the life cycle can be complicated due to the adaptation of the larva to spread during the period of assistance of intermediate carriers. The cycle can be conventionally divided into two categories:
- an intermediate carrier is an actual carrier (host) of nematodes, the infection of which is in no way associated with the death of the intermediate carrier;
- infection of the final carrier - occurs if it eats the intermediate carrier, taking into account all stages of the development of a round worm.
The development of the postembryonic cycle depends on the presence of an intermediate carrier in a given type of worm, a change in the habitat, and a method of infection of the host.
Signs of human nematodes
After the parasitic worms enter the body, a person may experience discomfort and pain attacks. The main signs of the presence of nematodes in the human body include the following:
- the presence of itching in the anal area;
- attacks of nausea and vomiting;
- loss or increase in appetite;
- wandering pains;
- violation of the stool.
At the initial stage of damage to the body, the symptoms are sparing, however, with an advanced stage and a large number of worms, a failure occurs in the main systems and organs.
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If the worms completely hit the internal organs and important systems, complete damage to the heart system and heart, intestines, liver occurs, and some types of worms may even appear in the eyes.
How to get rid of nematodes and their prevention?
Today, infectious disease specialists use special oxygen therapy and treatment with drugs for nematodes. The dosage form is prescribed exclusively after clinical research and diagnosis of the patient.
Oxygen therapy is the introduction of clean air into the patient's intestines, which contributes to the death of parasites and their complete expulsion in a natural way. You can also use herbal laxatives or saline preparations.
Of the preventive measures for roundworms in the human body, the following can be noted:
- maintain cleanliness in living quarters;
- to carry out regular preventive treatment of pets from worms;
- exclude swimming in reservoirs not intended for recreation;
- heat treatment of meat and fish products;
- rinse them thoroughly before eating greens, vegetables and fruits;
- wash your hands on a regular basis;
- regularly change underwear and bedding.
More information about the treatment of nematodes can be found in the video
Roundworms are quite dangerous parasites for the human body. Nematodes are able to rapidly develop inside the body and infect important organs and systems; at the first symptoms of pathology, it is recommended to contact an infectious disease specialist.
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