Table of contents:
Video: Necatorosis: Symptoms And Treatment
Content
- What is non-coronary disease? How can they get infected?
- Symptoms
- Mechanical impact
- Toxic and allergic effects
- Nutrition from the host
- Treatment
- Medicines
- Folk remedies
- Diagnostics
- Prevention
What is non-coronary disease? How can they get infected?
Necatorosis is a parasitic disease that causes a helminth from the hookworm group - American necator (lat.Necator Americanus).
Symptoms of noncatorosis are manifested from the dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract, since the pathogen is localized in the upper parts of the small intestine, the disease is also accompanied by allergies, itching, a violation of the integrity of the skin and the development of hypochromic anemia.
Infection with a necator is carried out by penetration through the skin, thanks to the sharp cutting plates located in the oral capsule. Since the eggs of the nekator ripen in warm moist soil, where larvae develop within 10 - 15 days, the pathogen enters the human body through the hands, while walking barefoot and lying on bare ground. Other causes of non-coronary disease are contaminated food, water, and dirty hands. An intrauterine route of infection is possible, that is, the transmission of parasites through the placenta from mother to fetus.
Penetrating into the body through the skin, the larvae of the necator migrate into the blood vessels, from where they enter the heart, then into the lungs and through the alveoli reach the respiratory tract. Then they rise to the pharynx, and the worms are swallowed, which leads to the ingestion of the larvae into the stomach and then into the duodenum. This entire journey takes about 5 days. If infection occurs through the mouth, migration does not occur.
The life expectancy of sexually mature worms in the human body can be up to 10 years.
Symptoms
Necatorosis is most often asymptomatic in the early stages. The incubation period is 40-60 days. The symptoms of non-coronary disease can be divided depending on the pathogenic effect.
Mechanical impact
- With sharp cutting plates, worms damage the intestinal mucosa, which causes nausea, diarrhea, epigastric pain, heaviness in the stomach and decreased appetite, which as a result leads to weight loss.
- During migration, the larvae violate the integrity of the capillaries.
- Damage to the alveoli by larvae leads to shortness of breath, coughing, wheezing and, in some cases, causes bronchitis and pneumonia.
- The formation of ulcers on the intestinal mucosa leads to bleeding and the development of hypochromic iron deficiency anemia.
- Massive invasion leads to edema of the lower extremities.
Toxic and allergic effects
- Caused by the poisoning of the body by the waste products of worms
- In places where parasites enter the skin, itching, burning, urticaria occurs, neutrophilic infiltration accumulates in the connective tissue of the skin. Skin rashes with non-kotorosis most often appear in the form of erythema with red papules.
- In rare cases, Quincke's edema develops
Nutrition from the host
- Sexually mature parasites feed on blood through damaged mucous membranes, which is also the cause of hypochromic anemia. Each helminth absorbs from 0.4 to 0.7 ml of blood per day.
-There is a violation of metabolic processes
In the chronic course of the disease, memory impairment, decreased performance, headaches, pallor and puffiness of the face can be observed. In children and adolescents, non-coronary disease can lead to mental and physical retardation.
Treatment
Medicines
Treatment of noncatorosis is carried out in several directions:
Destruction of parasites
For this purpose, several groups of anthelmintic drugs are used, which include drugs such as Nemozol (Albendazole), Naphtamon (Alcopar), Dekaris (Levamisole), Pirantel (Combatrin).
- Treatment of necatorosis with Nemozole is carried out in both adults and children for 3 days, the drug is taken depending on the weight. For adults and children over 60 kg, the standard dose is 400 mg. The drug is taken once orally before or after a meal. For adults and children weighing up to 60 kg, the drug is taken in the ratio of 15 mg / kg in one or two doses.
- For the treatment of necatorosis, the form of Naphtamon is used, which dissolves in the upper intestines. The drug is taken once on an empty stomach for 3-5 days at a dosage (for adults) of 5 g.
- Decaris is taken before bedtime, the treatment lasts for 1-3 days. The dose varies according to the patient's weight. Contraindicated for pregnant women.
-Pirantel is taken once, the dose is calculated in the ratio of 20mg / kg for 2 days or 10mg / kg for 3 days. The tablets are chewed thoroughly. For the treatment of noncatorosis in children, there is a suspension.
Treatment of hypochromic anemia
It is carried out with the help of iron preparations, transfusion of erythrocyte mass is also used.
Folk remedies
Some plants have properties to inhibit the vital activity of parasites. You can prepare an infusion from valerian, garlic, eucalyptus, mistletoe, St. John's wort, elecampane, immortelle, walnut, tansy, centaury, oregano. Two tablespoons are poured into 0.5 liters of boiling water and infused for half an hour. One glass is taken four times a day before meals for 3-4 days.
Diagnostics
Laboratory diagnostics of non-corrosive disease is carried out by detecting eggs or larvae of non-corrosives in feces or, less often, in duodenal contents.
Prevention
Personal hygiene rules must be followed.
It is recommended to wear clothing that covers the skin as much as possible and shoes. Vegetables, fruits, herbs and berries must be thoroughly rinsed with running water or boiling water, the water must be boiled.
