Amoeba Under The Microscope - Pathogenic Amoeba (ameba Under) Common

Last updated 1 March 2020 at 00:58

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The name amoeba in translation from Greek means changeable. These are unicellular animals with a fickle body shape that does not have a dense shell.

The systematic position of the amoeba:

1. The kingdom is animals
2. Subkingdom - Single-celled,
3. Type - Rhizopods (Sarco-flagellates),
4. Rod - Amoebas.

Life cycle: cell growth, development, is divided by asexual reproduction (mitotic division or division by two). Encystation is being in the form of a cyst, under negative conditions they pass into this state, they stop feeding and multiply.

Outgrowths of the cytoplasm - pseudopodia or as they are also called pseudopods help to move in the right direction, colliding with prey (unicellular algae, bacteria) surrounds it. Why they are called pseudopods, as they appear for a while.

Food is called phagocytosis - the capture of solid food particles and pinocytosis - the absorption of substances in dissolved form. All the substances that are unnecessary for the body are formed, which must be disposed of. Undigested substances are excreted from the body by the entire surface of the body, after their accumulation in the contractile vacuole, they are excreted.

All living cells need oxygen. The breathing process is carried out by the entire surface of the body, oxygen, which dissolves in the liquid. The contractile vacuole is involved in the removal of carbon dioxide. Oxygen and carbon dioxide easily penetrate the cell membrane.

Content

• 1 Representatives
• 2 Structure
• 3 Habitat
• 4 Unfavorable conditions

• 5 Reaction to stimuli

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Representatives

Representatives: amoeba proteus or as it is also called ordinary (rhizoba) (lat. Amoeba proteus) lives in swamps, rivers, lakes; Dysentery amoeba (Latin Entamoeba histolytica) is the causative agent of amoebiasis, which is more common in countries with hot climates.

Intestinal amoeba (Latin Entamoeba coli) is located directly in the large intestine, without causing harm to the owner.

Structure

The simplest lives in water. Dimensions are approximately 0.2-0.5 mm, dries without liquid. Habitat conditions are fresh and salt water, moist soil or plants. Also, amoeba can be found in the body of humans and animals, as a parasite.

They reproduce only by agamogenesis (reproduction in which only somatic cells are involved, without gametes - reproductive cells.)

An adult organism can begin to multiply. The first step is to change the core. In the nucleus, DNA duplication occurs, then the chromosomes condense, the nucleolus disappears and the nuclear envelope dissolves.

After that, the chromosomes line up in the equatorial order and the division spindle is formed. Chromatids diverge to the poles, chromosomes are decondensed. Two new amoebas appear. Amoeba can divide several times per day.

Unfavourable conditions

All living organisms experience unfavorable conditions, someone accumulates fat and hibernates, someone changes color. In this case, representatives of this genus are enlisted. A dense double shell is formed, the vital processes of the amoeba are suspended. With the help of the wind, the cyst is easily carried.

The process is unstable, when a favorable period for life comes, it leaves the shell. Amoeba is also capable of regeneration - this is the ability to restore a lost part of the body.

Reaction to stimuli

Each organism reacts in its own way to external influences from outside. And rhizomes have their own stimuli.

Under a microscope, you can observe how it will be irritated when exposed to light or changes in salt concentration.

If you put a small piece of salt next to the amoeba or direct a beam of bright light, it will move in the opposite direction.