Scraping For Enterobiasis: How To Get Tested For A Child

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Scraping For Enterobiasis: How To Get Tested For A Child
Scraping For Enterobiasis: How To Get Tested For A Child

Video: Scraping For Enterobiasis: How To Get Tested For A Child

Video: Scraping For Enterobiasis: How To Get Tested For A Child
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Scraping for enterobiasis is the most accurate way to diagnose pinworms in the body. Collection of material for research is carried out in a medical institution, but if desired, scraping can be carried out at home. Enterobiasis is a disease that is diagnosed when pinworms appear in the body. Pinworms are small in size, their body length does not exceed one centimeter. Most often, children of primary school age suffer from enterobiasis, but it is not uncommon when pinworms are diagnosed in adults.

The content of the article:

  • 1 What is enterobiasis
  • 2 Signs of enterobiasis
  • 3 What is an analysis for enterobiasis
  • 4 Scraping for enterobiasis: when it is necessary to take
  • 5 How to take an analysis for enterobiasis
  • 6 Scraping for enterobiasis: how is taken from adults
  • 7 Enterobiasis in children
  • 8 How to get a child tested for enterobiasis
  • 9 Prevention of enterobiasis in adults and children

What is enterobiasis

Enterobiasis is a common disease, as one has to deal with it quite often throughout life. This name has a disease resulting from the reproduction process of these parasites. Preschool children are more susceptible to infection. But since the main route of infection is contact-household, then parents whose children are diagnosed with enterobiasis are also often exposed to the occurrence of this disease.

How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child
How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child

The emergence of enterobiasis is provoked by pinworms. These parasitic worms reach a size of no more than 10 millimeters. It was the pointed tip that gave pinworms such a name. Parasites of different colors are observed: from white and yellow to black and dark brown. This disease is also called "dirty hands disease", as infection most often occurs in this way.

The pathogenesis of enterobiasis is as follows

  • pinworm eggs enter the human body through the respiratory tract or mouth opening;
  • after about two weeks in the intestines, the larvae transform into adults capable of reproduction;
  • parasites are localized in the areas of the small and large intestine;
  • at night, female helminths leave the anus to lay eggs. When laying, parasites secrete a liquid that causes itching, irritation and redness of the skin;
  • after laying the eggs, female pinworms die.

For an infected child or adult, the night of lay can be particularly uncomfortable. In the morning, a person feels severe itching, which provokes him to scratch the anus. Thus, re-infection most often occurs in children who have a habit of biting their nails or licking their fingers.

Signs of enterobiasis

The most famous species among the many parasites are pinworms, and enterobiasis is the most common parasitic disease. Symptoms of the disease from the moment of infection begin to appear at 12-14 days. This is how long the incubation period lasts. This disease is often diagnosed in both adults and children. The main signs of worms are:

  • itching, discomfort in the anus;
  • redness of the skin in the perineum, around the anus, other rashes with worms
  • increased interest in the child's genitals;
  • in girls, pinworms can enter the genitals, causing inflammation, infectious diseases.

Such symptoms in the human body may not be constantly observed if there are few worms in the intestines. However, as the number of parasites increases, symptoms and discomfort become permanent. In humans, tapeworm manifests itself in the same way as other parasites: nausea, stool disturbance, headaches, fatigue. Menstrual pain with worms may intensify, a violation of the cycle is noted, as well as other complications. The coprogram during pregnancy is very important.

What is an analysis for enterobiasis

Scraping for enterobiasis is a specific method of laboratory research that helps to detect pinworms in adults. The symptoms of this disease are as follows: severe itching in the anus; discoloration of the skin near the anus and a burning sensation; disturbances in the functioning of the intestines; flatulence; stomach ache.

How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child
How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child

Scraping for enterobiasis is considered the most informative method that allows you to detect pinworms in adults and children, as well as pinworm eggs. Examining feces for enterobiasis, it is possible to detect not only infection with helminths, but also the presence of eggs, larvae and fragments of parasites.

A smear for enterobiasis, if there are signs of the disease, should be taken more than twice with an interval of one to two weeks. There are cases when the first and second studies for enterobiasis showed a negative, unreliable result, and pinworms can be detected only in the last smear.

If pinworm eggs are not identified, then it can be judged that there is no disease. In the case when a smear for enterobiasis showed a positive result, the doctor will select the appropriate therapy and tell you how to treat pinworms.

Scraping for enterobiasis: when to take

The symptoms of enterobiasis should be a good reason to see your doctor for advice. This pathology is very common in our country, so everyone can become infected with it. Infection can occur when the following factors are present:

  • the use of insufficiently thermally processed meat and fish products;
  • neglect of the rules of personal hygiene;
  • the presence of bad habits:
  • biting off nails, licking fingers. Most often, this is how babies become infected;
  • sharing household items with an infected person, as well as close bodily contact (handshakes, hugs);
  • eating poorly washed vegetables and fruits, especially in the summer, when there is a risk that insects have sat on the food;
  • drinking untreated water from natural sources.

Weak immunity contributes to infection. It is believed that in the presence of symptoms of pathology in a child, parents also need to be tested, since this disease is transmitted through the household.

How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child
How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child

The disease has an incubation period that lasts from 12 days to two weeks. It is after this period of time after infection that the first signs of the disease begin to appear:

  • there is itching and discomfort in the anal area after a bowel movement;
  • there is discomfort and pain in the gastrointestinal tract;
  • gas formation increases;
  • food is poorly digested, which causes constipation and diarrhea;
  • the color of the skin of the genitals and excretory organs changes;
  • rashes on the skin;
  • inflammatory processes, infections of the genitourinary system (thrush, urethritis);
  • for babies, you can often observe an increased interest in the genital area and anus.

Also, scraping for enterobiasis is taken in such cases: pregnancy; issuance of sick leave; hospitalization; admission to a secondary and preschool institution; the need to provide a certificate of passing a medical examination in a public institution, for example, a swimming pool or a spa complex, a camp.

In the presence of small children in the family, this procedure should be done once or twice a year.

How to take an analysis for enterobiasis

For the implementation of the most accurate and correct diagnosis of the analysis of feces for enterobiasis, it is important to limit oneself from mistakes when collecting biological material to be examined. The final result is influenced by such factors as: the speed of its delivery to the laboratory, preliminary administration of medications, adherence to the rules for collecting feces, the quality of the laboratory technicians, the timing of laying eggs by pinworms.

Scraping for enterobiasis should be taken several times, especially if there is a suspicion of helminthic invasion. The fact is that there is a high probability of getting into the so-called "silent period", when female pinworms are in the intestines and wait for the eggs to ripen. At this time, it is quite problematic to detect individuals of helminths or their eggs in feces.

In general, most doctors are inclined to believe that the analysis of feces for enterobiasis is not very informative, which is associated with the morphobiology of the parasites of this species. After all, it is known for certain that they do not lay eggs in the intestinal lumen. For laying, the worms crawl through the anus to the perianal folds. Nevertheless, in some cases (about 30%), it is possible to detect parasites or their eggs in the feces (if they were washed off from the perianal folds), and it is also possible to detect the eggs of other helminths, for example, ascaris or tapeworms.

Before taking a feces test for enterobiasis, you need to prepare. To do this, you need to exclude the use of any rectal suppositories, do not do cleansing enemas, do not take antibiotics and laxatives. Otherwise, the feces for the analysis of enterobiasis will be unsuitable. How to properly take scraping for enterobiasis:

  • stool samples should be taken from different parts of the stool: from the side, from below, from the inside. Thus, it will be possible to increase the information content of the study. If suddenly a person independently saw parasites or parts of them in the feces, then it is imperative to put the discovered material into a container that will be sent to the laboratory;
  • as for the volumes to be collected. The minimum volume is about two teaspoons. A smaller amount of feces will not allow obtaining reliable information about helminthic invasion;
How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child
How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child
  • containers that are intended to collect feces must be impervious and must have a tight lid. It is very convenient for this purpose to use special containers that are available for sale in pharmacies. As a rule, a spoon is included with the container with which it is convenient to collect biomaterial. Although you can use a box or a regular jar. The container does not need to be sterilized, it is enough to wash it well;
  • the earlier the samples are delivered to the laboratory, the more informative the result will be. However, the feces may not be entirely fresh, it can be stored under certain conditions throughout the day;
  • care should be taken to ensure that no foreign matter gets into the container and the feces. In this case, we are talking about urine or vaginal discharge. Therefore, it is advisable to urinate before bowel movement. If at the time of the analysis the woman is menstruating, then a tampon should be used. Only after this can you start collecting material;
  • when a baby's feces are required for examination, it can be taken from a baby pot or diaper;
How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child
How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child
  • if it is not possible to send the container with biomaterial to the laboratory immediately, then it should be tightly closed and refrigerated. There it can be stored at temperatures from 0 to +4 degrees for no more than 24 hours. If you violate the rules for storing feces, then this will negatively affect the interpretation of the data;
  • if possible, a morning portion of feces should be delivered to the study. It is important not to forget to sign the container before submitting it to the laboratory. You need to indicate not only your initials, but also the date of collection of the material;
  • you should tune in in advance that the feces for enterobiasis will need to be taken about three times, and maybe even more (no more than five times).

If a person knows that he will not be able to deliver feces to the laboratory for knocking, and there will be no opportunity to collect a new portion, then the biomaterial should be immediately collected in a special solution. For this, 70% ethyl alcohol is suitable, which can be purchased with a prescription at the pharmacy.

Alternatively, you can use a 50% glycerin solution. For this, glycerin must be mixed with distilled water (90 ml of water, 50 ml of glycerin). The resulting composition can store feces for 2-3 weeks. One part of feces will require three parts of a preservative.

Scraping for enterobiasis: how is taken from adults

Adults can perform scraping both in the clinic and at home. In order to take the analysis yourself, you need to purchase a special kit at the pharmacy or use a cotton swab, saline solution and a sterile container.

How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child
How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child

Enterobiasis analysis how to take at home:

  • scraping is done in the morning before urination and bowel movements;
  • do not wash for several hours before scraping;
  • to take the material, it is necessary to moisten the ear stick in saline or ordinary water if it is absent;
  • then the ear stick must be carefully drawn along the folds of the anus;
  • place the obtained sample in a sterile container and take it to the hospital for further research.

Usually, the result is reported within two to three days. Analysis for enterobiasis is done within a day. As a result, a person receives a form on which the conclusion will be written. Normally, worm eggs and pinworms in the feces should not be found. Nevertheless, it should be remembered that the informativeness of the method, especially with a single delivery of feces, is very low and ranges from 30 to 50%. Therefore, it may be necessary to deliver the biomaterial to the laboratory several more times.

Scraping for enterobiasis - the analysis is valid for 10 days. That is, if a person has not presented a certificate at the place of demand during this time, he will need to donate feces for helminthic invasion again.

However, these terms do not mean that you will need to visit a polyclinic every 10 days. In various institutions, a document on the absence of enterobiasis in a person is required at different intervals.

Enterobiasis in children

Parents need to be very vigilant if a child has complaints of diffuse abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, increased salivation, allergic skin manifestations, itching in the external genital area and folds around the anus, frequent urinary tract infections, recurrent synechiae in girls, masturbation, or enuresis. In some patients, persistent changes in the general blood test are observed: an increase in the level of eosinophils, a decrease in hemoglobin (normocytic or microcytic anemia).

How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child
How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child

Indirect symptoms of helminthiasis can be irritability and fatigue, bruises around the eyes, sleep disturbances (crying at night, unreasonable crying, frequent waking up), headache, weight loss, frequent SARS.

Since these symptoms are only indirect signs of enterobiasis infection, an important role in the diagnosis is played by special methods to confirm the diagnosis. These include the following analysis options: scraping from perianal folds, performed in several versions; stool microscopy (standard analysis of stool for ovipositor); detection of pinworm DNA in feces using PCR.

Scraping from perianal folds can be performed in the following modifications:

  • classic scraping for enterobiasis (Torgushin's method or Kevorkova's method);
  • an imprint on transparent adhesive tape from the perianal region according to the Graham method;
  • an alternative is an imprint on a sticky transparent scapula, with its further microscopic examination (the so-called Rabinovich method).

Not only persons with suspected enterobiasis are subject to research, but all children attending preschool institutions, schoolchildren of grades 1-4 and personnel of children's institutions should be examined once a year. If in children's groups, during the examination, more than 15% of cases of infection were found, then no further search is carried out, and all babies are subject to compulsory treatment.

How to get a child tested for enterobiasis

Scraping for enterobiasis is a method for identifying pinworms in the human body. For this, special studies and hemotests are used. If symptoms characteristic of worms appear, it is required to contact specialized institutions, where they take the necessary biomaterial for analysis for enterobiasis in children.

The most common type is feces collection, it allows you to detect unhatched eggs in the body. The study is carried out necessarily to visit any institution, or when you yourself feel the symptoms, or found them in children.

The most common parasitic disease is enterobiasis - most often it occurs in young children. Parents who care about the health of their babies should know how to get their child tested for enterobiasis in the event of a disease.

Many health problems of a baby or an adult can be prevented precisely thanks to laboratory tests. Their main purpose is to check the composition of certain body fluids and biological media. The doctor compares the results obtained with the norms and, based on these indications, draws conclusions about the child's health.

How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child
How to get tested for enterobiasis for a child

Scraping for enterobiasis must be carried out in a medical institution or a nurse's office in educational institutions. Scraping is usually done in the morning. A few hours before the procedure, you should not wash the child in order to get the most reliable result. In order to take an analysis for the presence of pinworms in a child's body, a medical professional performs the following actions:

  • the tape on which a special adhesive solution is applied is applied to the anal area and carefully glued in order to collect as much of the necessary material as possible;
  • adhesive tape is glued to the glass and signed;
  • the analysis is sent to the laboratory, where it is stored at a temperature of no more than eight degrees.

The procedure is completely painless, so it can be done to children several times without hindrance. For a more complete picture, it is recommended to take the analysis three times within a short period of time. This is due to the fact that pinworms do not always lay eggs, for which the scraping is examined.

Preschool children attending kindergartens must donate feces for enterobiasis once a year. Additional tests may be required if the child has been absent from the preschool for a long time.

Prevention of enterobiasis in adults and children

They are as follows:

  • strictly observe the rules of hygiene: wash your hands thoroughly before eating, as well as after walking;
  • nails should be cut short and always kept clean;
  • in the morning and before going to bed, it is necessary to wear clean underwear, which must be ironed after washing;
  • the bathroom must be regularly disinfected, and the apartment must be wet cleaned daily.

If you do not follow these recommendations, then it will be almost impossible to cure enterobiasis, and the likelihood that small white worms will appear in the feces will be quite high.

Find out more:

  • Enterobiasis scraping - how they take an analysis for enterobiasis in children
  • Analysis for enterobiasis: how it is carried out and how to prepare for it

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